Changes in Macbeths character Essay Example For Students

Changes in Macbeths character Essay William Shakespeare, an incredibly famous English essayist, composed a play which stood out forever Macbeth. This was the remainder of his four catastrophes and was written in the mid 1600s. It was composed for James I and was first acted in 1606. The attention is on the mental impact of the violations he submits upon Macbeth and the idea of his relationship with his better half. Macbeth recounts to the narrative of a man who acts, asked by his better half and anticipated by witches, submitting regicide so as to pick up power. It is William Shakespeares generally incredible and sincerely serious play, and has greatly affected its crowds consistently. During the play we see Macbeth, a legend that battles for his lord and nation move toward a perilous man, driven by insidious. Shakespeare utilizes Macbeth to show the horrendous impacts that aspiration and blame can have on a man and how they can drive him to obliterate himself, anyway in spite of being the appalling legend and thusly accountable for his own fate, we feel that Macbeth isn't completely to fault for his own destiny the defeat of Macbeth is likewise the aftereffect of the activities by people around him in having the option to misuse his imperfect character. The play places Macbeth solidly in the center of a wild fight that is being battled among Scotland and Scottish double crossers and afterward among Scotland and Norway. Our initial introduction of Macbeth is that he is a courageous saint and that he could never lessen himself to such a low standard of detestable as those he is battling. Macbeths dedication and bravery is accentuated when he is portrayed as being one of two spent swimmers that do stick together and stifle their craft this likeness followed by an ellipsis is significantly more viable than a realistic depiction. It gives the feeling that the two armed forces are in a condition of fatigue, as two swimmers would be subsequent to having swum until they can't swim any longer. Both sticking onto each other and pulling each other down, risking annihilating one another and making an opportunity of complete, tolerant, absolute destruction. The position that Macbeth is in during the fight is that the situation is anything but favorable for him when his adversary MacDonwald is portrayed as having the duplicating villainies of nature warm upon him. This can give two impressions, one of which is that he is drawing all fiendishness towards him wishing to annihilate the regular request and the other being that he himself has all the qualities and characteristics of insidiousness and he is the exemplification of all that is terrible. It is practically prophetically catastrophic, great and wickedness battling until the very end and fiendishness right now with the preferred position, clarifying the courage of Macbeth as he keeps on battling despite the fact that the situation is anything but favorable for him. In any event, something as famously whimsical as karma appears to have fashioned a loyalty with fiendish. What's more, Fortune, on his cursed squabble grinning, Showed like a revolutionaries prostitute; however alls unreasonably feeble: For fearless Macbeth The tables have now turned, great and malice are so equally coordinated it is currently feasible for either side to triumph, yet Macbeth is resolved. Fortune isn't preferring the daring; Macdonwald needs all the karma he can get now in fight, with Macbeth being as solid and bold as he may be. Karma is represented as a whore; it has no steadfastness and can abandon one individual and move onto the following. A whore or karma will consistently go where it will most succeed. It seems like there are two inquiries that could be related with this statement, Is Fortune favoring his insubordination as his caring prostitute however part of the alls too feeble to even think about denying Macbeth his staggering triumph? , or does Fortune forsake Macdonwald like a whimsical prostitute when Macbeth shows up? Be that as it may, karma is of no utilization as Macdonwald and his military arent sufficient and are no counterpart for Macbeth. At the point when Macbeth is alluded to as fearless, it shows that he is speaking to the embodiment of good he is a pioneer that had the ability to change the fortune of the fight practically independent with the assistance of his waved steel, which smoked with ridiculous execution, similar to valours flunky cut out his section till he confronted the slave; Macbeths gallantry increments further. He is being commended by the sergeant indicating that society esteems dauntlessness and boldness. His blade is smoking with ridiculous execution since he is in the main part of the fight, moving at such high a pace and executing such huge numbers of adversaries as he moves, his sword is hot with smoking blood and hasnt had the opportunity to cool. Shakespeares utilization of the word cut accentuates Macbeths quality and savagery, likewise the utilization of valours meaning fearlessness shows that as Macbeth is hacking down all men that hinder him, hes battling for a reason. Macbeth keeps on executing men fighting until he faces Macdonwald, Till he confronted the slave this will at that point be a definitive test, great against malicious and just one will win. It is contrasting Macdonwald with a slave, despite Macbeths power he is just this. There was no presentation and no inviting; this last gathering was distinctly to leave one survivor. In the long run Macbeths assurance, quality and mental fortitude radiate through as Macdonwald is crushed and the Thane of Glamis is triumphant and demonstrated fruitful in fight when he un-seamed him from the nave to the hacks, and fixed his head upon our bulwark cutting him up the center, representing all out thrashing, the end for underhanded. Despite the fact that its simply the start for Macbeth and the others, who speak to all that is acceptable. This demonstration that Macbeth submits decisively shows the beginning of his spirit being ruined by malicious. Woman Macbeth has convinced Macbeth to kill Duncan after he was prognosticated by witches that he would become ruler, it was then promptly thought by Lady Macbeth that for this to become reality, Duncans rule needs to reach a conclusion. As the day of the deed approaches Macbeth starts to question whether he ought to submit this demonstration of treachery, he is conflicted between two different ways on the off chance that it were done, when tis done, at that point twere well it were done rapidly; if thassassination could encumber up the outcome These words verbally expressed by Macbeth show that he is confounded and far fetched, Shakespeare has utilized code word to stress this. A case of doublespeak can be found in this statement; Macbeth alludes to the demonstration of homicide as it on various events, giving the feeling that he is attempting to dodge what he is really thinking about on doing, not once does he really utilize the word murder. It seems as if there is a real explanation behind slaughtering Duncan, however the main explanation is Macbeths own ravenousness and want for power. The utilization of restrictive words, for example, on the off chance that when, at that point and could and the utilization of midline delays and caesuras recommend wavering and presents the component of vulnerability. The Torah, Talmud and Kabbalah EssayThe last interruption after deadly vision underlines the accompanying sentence, giving it high significance when Macbeth questions his sight from the start when he says reasonable to feeling as to locate, this nearly proposes he doesnt trust it is genuine, as if he can see it yet can't contact it, this accentuated the disarray. You are given the feeling that Macbeth is awkward with the utilization of the words knife of the psyche, these words give the feeling that his brain is considering murder, not of his better half or his future just musings of homicide, he has become a perilous soul. From here on Shakespeares utilization of language changes, starting now and into the foreseeable future nothing has the force or capacity to stop Macbeth , this is communicated when it is the ridiculous business which educates along these lines to mine eyes. Presently oer the one half world nature appears to be dead, and underhanded dreams misuse the curtained rest; presently black magic praises this gives the feeling that Macbeth was beforehand in a terrified state, in spite of the fact that this has now vanished and he is determined to finishing the job needing to be done, with the impact of Lady Macbeth. It is recommended that the better piece of the world is found in the light and when murkiness falls, it is then that all malevolent is discharged. Evening time and the dim are emblematic to underhanded, nearly as if now is the ideal time for the homicide to occur while it is dim and the light (goodness) can't be seen. At the point when Shakespeare utilizes the term the curtained rest he is nearly proposing that when the sun goes down and we close the window ornaments, we have no clue about what strange malice could be hiding in the dimness. With Tarquins bewitching steps, towards his structure Moves like an apparition. Thou sure and firm set earth, Hear not my means, what direction they stroll, for dread Macbeth needs to move quietly or he might be gotten, just as he is on the war zone prepared and pausing. Theres a recommendation that he doesnt need the earth to hear him as it is firm and he isn't. Anything that is firm, unadulterated and great has now become a danger to Macbeth. Recommending that malicious is never observed until its prepared to assault. Shakespeare has utilized the words towards his plan there is conceivably a two sided connotation to this, it could mean either that the earth was made and ought to be fixed by god, nearly just as Macbeth is putting the fault of his activities onto god. It could likewise imply that divine beings configuration is that there are malevolent individuals and they shouldnt be halted, they should keep on killing, cheat and take and permit nature to follow through to its logical end. Shakespeare has made the language to turn out to be marginally smooth sensational now, as though after he perpetrates the wrongdoing and Duncan is declared dead, Macbeth will turn into an amazing and gallant saint, somewhat amusing as this is the thing that he was in the first place before the impact of covetousness, aspiration and others disrupted everything. Macbeth demonstrates further to the crowd how degenerate his psyche is as he proceeds with the discourse. He tells the crowd how he intends to execute Duncan as well as he means to too it quietly and circumspectly. By slyly wanting to crawl upon Duncan he intends to do it as most malevolence wrongdoings are submitted, covert, phantom like and without the obvious earth parting with his arrangements. Af

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays (1482 words) -

Their Eyes Were Watching God The epic, Their Eyes Were Watching God contains delightful symbolism that passes on the considerations of the creator towards the rival of this story, Janie Crawford. Through her four particular lives as Janie Crawford, Janie Killicks, Janie Starks, and Janie Woods she understands that every day the sun rises another change is obvious in her life. The experience of each particular life causes her to acknowledge more about herself than she at any point knew previously. She goes to a self-disclosure about herself. Despite the fact that it takes her the whole novel to understand her sexual arousing from the blooming pear tree to encounter unadulterated love, she does as such as the sun falls and ascends past the long periods of her developing life. The tale begins with Janie at the ready age of sixteen understanding her sexual pinnacle. She was extended on her back underneath the pear tree absorbing the alto serenade of the meeting honey bees, the gold of the sun and the gasping breath of the breeze when the imperceptible voice, all things considered, went to her. (Hurston: 11). Babysitter understands that Janie has gotten prepared for marriage, subsequent to agreeing to a kiss from a tall and lean, yet poor kid by the name of Johnny Taylor. In this way, Nanny orchestrates a marriage between Janie Crawford and Logan Killicks to begin Janies new life as Janie Killicks before she would have the option to get caught in the modest existence of a poor dark man like Johnny Taylor. She was a previous slave, so Nanny had faith in the estimation of monetary security and decency. Thusly, she constrained Janie into wedding Logan Killicks when she was still in her youngsters. A year passed by with Janie understanding that she didn't adore Logan and could never cherish him, so she felt it was the ideal opportunity for a change. Janie left Logan for the cheerful and enchanting Jody Starks. They sat on the lodging yard and saw the sun dive into a similar break in the earth from which the night rose. (Hurston: 33). Janie understood that it was the ideal opportunity for a change and to take a risk in endeavor to accomplish love by her own methods. Babysitter wouldve objected to the showy talk behind a dark man like Jody Starks; nonetheless, he would make a considerably more monetarily stable setting for Janie to live in than in the marriage she set up Janie with the rancher, Logan Killicks. Wedding Joe without separating from Logan, she settles with him in her new life at Eatonville. He purchases 200 sections of land of land, rapidly turning out to be city hall leader of the all-dark town with Janie turning out to be Mrs. City hall leader. She is compelled to run the supermarket, which she doesnt like and is regularly requested around and criticized by her better half. Joe was currently demonstrating his actual character since before they got hitched he said he would adore her and treat her with the most extreme regard, yet this wasnt the case by any stretch of the imagination. Living with the agony brought about by her second spouse for very nearly two decades, she understood that he wasnt the man she was searching for. She was thirty-five now and was starting to develop. In any case, generally she lived between her cap and her heels, with her passionate unsettling influences like shade designs in the forested areas come and gone with the sun. She didn't get anything f rom Jody with the exception of what cash could purchase, and she was parting with what she didnt esteem. (Hurston: 76). More now than any time in recent memory she understands that Joe was an unforgiving and cold man she never cherished. Likewise, this portends Jodys disorder and the possibility for Janie to disclose to him that he was a difficult elderly person that had secured his physical afflictions by abusing others not long before he kicks the bucket. Nine months after the demise of Jody, without anticipating that a man should astonish her into a relationship, Janie finds a youthful, decent looking man who is amusing to be with. All things considered, Ah love tuh discover whut you think after sun-up tomorrow. Dis is simply you night thought. (Hurston: 105). After Tea Cake says this, Janie begins to understand that despite the fact that she doesnt let it out to herself from the outset that she cherishes Tea Cake, she is really beginning

Business Process Management Life Cycle

Business Process Management Life Cycle Organizations have objectives to accomplish and goals to achieve. It could be the delivery of products or services to end-users, or the performance of support services to ensure customer satisfaction. It could be the transformation of raw materials into parts that are subsequently assembled to create a final product. It can even be the proper recording of all financial transactions of the company for purposes of budgeting and financial management.The accomplishment and achievement of these goals and objectives require the performance of a task or activity, or a series of tasks and activities. These sets of activities or tasks, which are logically related and often follow a logical flow, are referred to as business processes.The day-to-day operations of businesses and organizations, regardless of their nature, structure, and even the industry they belong to, are basically comprised of business processes. Manufacturing itself is considered a business process, but it is a very broad one , considering how it also encompasses other business processes, such as product assembly and quality assurance. Finance is just as broad, involving lesser but nonetheless vital processes, such as invoicing, billing, and budgeting. © Shutterstock.com | PureSolutionEven the activities and tasks that are often considered by many as peripheral and “non-central” to the core activities of the business or organization are also business processes. Human Resources, for example, conduct a series of logical steps in their hiring and recruitment process. Other processes they are concerned with include attendance management and leave management.If you take a look at the very nature of business processes, it is easy to see how there is a need to manage them. While some processes are straightforward, involving only two or three steps or tasks, there are others that are far more complex, with multiple steps that involve multiple performers or users. These steps are also often performed repetitively and on a regular basis. These spur organizations to find ways to optimize and standardize these processes, and that’s where Business Process Management comes in.BPM is a very broad topic and cannot be summed up in one sittin g or discussion. This article aims to give you a broad introduction on the fundamental concepts of Business Process Management.BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENTBusinesses, in order to achieve its goals and objectives, design, implement and use business processes which they, in turn, manage for optimization and standardization purposes, using what is known as Business Process Management.Business Process Management (BPM) is a management discipline describing the systematic approach to “identify, execute, document, measure, monitor and control both automated and non-automated business processes to achieve consistent, targeted results aligned with an organization’s strategic goals.” To put it simply, it is the systematic approach to improving the business processes of an organization, making the workflow more efficient and effective, and improve its overall ability to adapt to an ever-changing business environment.Management of business processes through BPM involves modeling, analysis, design and measurement of these processes. It sounds like a lot of work, which is why BPM is designed to be technology-enabled. This means that it makes use of various technological tools in carrying out its roles.Aside from the obvious, which is the improvement of business processes to achieve its goals and objectives, why is it so important for businesses to have a BPM system in place?BPM facilitates the improvement and management of processes that drive optimized business results, leading to lower costs, higher revenues and high customer satisfaction, to name a few.BPM enables businesses to align its processes with the needs of their customers.BPM aids decision-making on matters such as deployment, measurement and monitoring of the resources of the organization.BPM contributes to the maintenance of a sound financial management system of the company.BPM allows the organization to keep track of its progress in meeting and achieving its goals.To understand it better, let us take a deeper look at the benefits that organizations can derive from the implementation of Business Process Management.Revenue growth. Increased revenue potentially means increase in the net profit earned by the company. BPM, as mentioned earlier, helps align business processes and functions to the needs of customers. This means higher customer satisfaction and improved reputation for the company, which ultimately contribute to more revenue and, consequently, profit.Reduced costs. Another component of increased profit is having lower costs and expenditures. Inefficiencies and waste of resources â€" two definite reasons for cost hemorrhage in organizations â€" may also result from poor planning and subsequent tracking or monitoring of the usage of these resources. An effective BPM system provides a means for tracking the resources, and gives management the heads up in the event that some adjustments have to be made to address these inefficiencies.Higher accountability. BPM establishes a sy stem of checks and balances within the organization, so the functions and corresponding responsibilities and accountabilities of each department, each officer, and each employee are clearly defined. This minimizes (and may even eliminate) the risk of losses due to human error in the conduct of their respective tasks and activities, as well as the potential of fraud and negligence.Improved and increased productivity. Productivity is affected by various factors, including proper utilization of capital and resources, human resource management, and physical working conditions, among others. Best practices in BPM have an impact on these aspects or areas of the business, ensuring that overall productivity is boosted.Improved reliability of information. Having a working and effective BPM system can increase the reliability of generated business information which, in turn, will be used by management for decision-making, and other stakeholders. Information retrieval and dissemination is also easier, saving time and effort that would have been wasted in looking them up.Simplified and assured compliance. Many businesses unwittingly find themselves facing issues regarding non-compliance with regulations and rules imposed by legislation and industrial standards. Having a BPM system in place allows the organization to cover all its bases and keep track of their duties and obligations. Obviously, non-compliance issues can be costly to settle, not to mention other legal repercussions that may threaten even the right of the business to operate.Tighter security measures. The resources, as well as information, that belong to the company will be safer from loss, theft and misuse, since BPM measures are also designed to protect them. Proper documentation and dissemination of information ensures that they will not fall into the wrong hands, especially those of a confidential nature. Compliance monitoring also sees to it that the company and its employees are protected from possibil ities of litigation and other legal repercussions.Unfortunately, it is a fact that there are still a lot of businesses that do not use Business Process Management, largely because they are not aware of the concept or, even if they do, they do not fully understand its importance or the benefits they can get from it. For others, they are intimidated by the idea of applying BPM, thinking that it is something extremely complicated and may even cost them money.After all, many are under the impression that BPM strictly means automation of business processes, and they equate “automation” with “more spending”. There are also a few businesses that decide that they cannot “be bothered” to use BPM, since it is not the core function of their business.However, the business landscape today has become more competitive due, in large part, to the effects of globalization and the volatility of economies and markets all over the world. Staying competitive has become one of the main concern s of most businesses, and one way to achieve that is through optimization of business processes. Thus, Business Process Management is something that should not be ignored or easily dismissed.CORE ELEMENTS OF BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENTResearchers suggested six elements that every effective BPM should have.Strategic alignment or synchronization: The alignment referred to is that of the BPM and the overall strategy of the organization, meaning the business processes must be designed, implemented and managed (through the BPM) in accordance with the strategic priorities, objectives and goals of the organization. There has to be a direct and identifiable linkage or connection between these priorities and the processes. Otherwise, you will have wasted your resources on an ineffective BPM system.Governance: From the outset, the roles and responsibilities for the different levels of BPM must be clearly established and communicated to all members of the organization and other stakeholders. T his is to ensure transparency and accountability. This also involves setting out clear guidelines on the decision-making process, as well as rewards and sanction programs.Methodologies: The conduct of BPM initiatives entail the utilization of methods, or tools and techniques that facilitate management of business processes. The most common example often used is the Six Sigma, a set of techniques developed by Motorola engineer Bill Smith in an effort to improve the capability of business processes.Information Technology: BPM has become increasingly associated with technology, mostly because of how heavily it depends on IT-based solutions. Thus, information technology plays a very important role in the execution of BPM initiatives.People: Technology and information systems are pretty much useless by themselves, without any human factor. Therefore, organizations assign specific manpower solely dedicated to carry out its BPM initiatives. These people possess all the necessary knowledge and skills in process management, while seeing to it that they are in alignment with the goals of the organization.Culture: This mostly pertains to the organizational culture, or the collective values within the organization. First and foremost, the organization must have a culture or environment that facilitates, complements and supports its BPM initiatives. After all, BPM is not a standalone unit of the organization, since it cuts across the entire organizational structure.THE BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT LIFE CYCLEThe BMP Life Cycle is characterized by iterative set of activities, done in phases. This means that the cycle can be repeated, instead of ending once the final phase is over.There are six phases in the BPM life cycle.Phase 1: Process Planning and StrategyIn business, everything begins with a plan. This plan will serve as the guidelines to be followed by those who will implement it.BPM begins with the development of a plan that clearly maps out the strategy and the direct ion of the organization’s BPM initiatives. In order to be useful for BPM, the strategy must be process-driven, and the plan must be designed and structured in a way that will ensure the delivery of value to customers.Process planning and strategy involve the following:Understanding of the organization’s strategies and goals. These will serve as a guide in setting the objectives and strategies of BPM, since the two must be aligned.Identification and enumeration of current processes, requiring an in-depth look at the existing process architecture of the organization.There are three types of processes or activities that exist in organizations:1. Primary processesThese are the core processes of the company, which are readily identifiable because of their cross-functional nature, and the fact that these are the processes that directly deliver value to customers. These processes arise from the main activities of the business.Geary Rummler categorized primary or core processes into thr ee:Processes that imagine and create the product or service (ex. Product development, prototyping, conduct of feasibility studies)Processes that produce or make the product or service (ex. Production process, raw materials procurement)Processes that sell or deliver the product or service to the customers (ex. Sales, distribution)2. Secondary processesThese are processes that are in place purposely to provide support to the primary processes, which is why they are also referred to as “support processes”. Unlike the primary processes, they do not directly deliver value, and are usually restricted to the functional areas of the organization.The most common examples of support processes are:Human resource managementTechnology developmentInformation technology managementSupplies procurementFacilities management3. Management processesAll organizations strive for efficiency and effectiveness, and the task of monitoring that falls on the shoulders of management, who are responsible for performing management processes. These processes take a look at both the primary and secondary processes, mainly to monitor whether they are on track in meeting the company’s operational and financial goals. They are also in place to ensure compliance of the primary and secondary processes to regulatory and legal guidelines.Just like the support processes, management processes also do not directly provide value, but are nonetheless vital to the organization.Identification of appropriate BPM roles and responsibilities within the organization. Who are the key players in BPM? What level of support will the organization’s BPM initiatives get from top management and the other members of the organization?Identification of methodologies and performance measures to be used in BPM.Phase 2: Analysis of Business ProcessesThere is a need to understand the current or existing business processes since they are the very object of BPM. Obviously, one will not be able to manage something that it does not understand. The objective of this phase is to find out whether the business processes currently in place are aligned with the goals and objectives of the organization.Certain methodologies are applied in the analysis phase. The most common, and usually first, step undertaken is the gathering of data and information on the business processes. These are obtained from currently maintained company or organization documentation, strategic plans and process models. It may also require more than a peek into the performance measurements being used by the company.Analysis will provide insights on the strengths and weaknesses of the business processes, and open windows to understanding how they impact the overall performance of the organization.The process analysis techniques can be classified into two.Qualitative analysisQualitative analysis is performed for two reasons: to identify wastes, redundancies, or losses incurred in the processes and eliminate them, and to identify and un derstand all the issues involved, and prioritize them accordingly.Some of the most commonly used techniques are:Value-added analysis â€" In this technique, each step in the processes are classified on whether they are value-adding (VA), business value-adding (BVA), or non-value-adding (NVA). A step is considered VA if it produces value to the customer, denoted by a willingness on the part of the latter to pay for that specific step. An example is the assembly process of a product. After completion of the production process, but before delivery to customers, the finished product is required by law to undergo physical inspection by an independent third-party. This does not add value to the customer, but it adds value to the business, since it is a requirement for the continuous operation of the business. This is BVA activity. Rework costs in case the product was defective due to worker negligence, as well as costs of delay in shipment or delivery, on the other hand, do not add value t o the customer. This is NVA. Basically, any other activity that does not fall under the VA and BVA categories will fall under this.Root-Cause analysis â€" This issue analysis technique often makes use of cause-and-effect diagrams and why-why diagrams, highlighting causal factors and seeking answers to the “Why” questions regarding the processes. This makes the technique effective for getting to the root of the problems or issues.Pareto analysis â€" Pareto bar charts are primarily used in this technique. The bar chart presents the impact of all the relevant issues or problems. The higher or taller bars are those that require more attention, which means they should be prioritized.Quantitative analysisQuantitative analysis techniques are centered around numbers, figures and statistics. These often include:Quantitative flow analysis: There are several flow analysis techniques being used, depending on the process being analyzed. Flow analysis is usually used in the analysis of capaci ty requirements, error rates in the process level, as well as costs. Cycle time analysis is also a common application of flow analysis, where the average duration or cycle time for an entire process â€" or a step in the process â€" is calculated, in order to assess efficiency and effectiveness.Queuing analysis: Unlike the flow analysis, queuing takes waiting time into consideration. Variability in service times, delays and rework times, are factored in, in recognition of the fact that these capacity problems are unavoidable and should, therefore, play a role in process design and redesign.Process simulation: Process simulation also considers waiting times, but it is also applicable for processes that involve parallel activities running simultaneously. Queuing generally does not apply to these types of activities. In process simulation, the process is modeled into a simulation model, which is enhanced with simulation data, and undergoes simulation. The outputs are then analyzed. In t he event that there are multiple scenarios, the simulation model can be tweaked accordingly and undergo simulation again until all alternative scenarios are covered.Findings during this phase will usually point to either one of two: it is either the business processes are aligned with organizational goals and objectives, or they are not. The findings will be used in the next phase of the BPM life cycle.Phase 3: Design and Modeling of Business ProcessesDepending on the results of the business process analysis, there may be a need to design new processes, or redesign the existing ones. The objective is to come up with a process design that provides a full picture of the work, from end to end, to guarantee the delivery of value to customers.The main concern in this phase is to determine whether the process is good “as is”, or if it should be redesigned in a better, more appropriate “to be” process.This phase entails the following:Understanding of the intention of the organizati on with respect to the business process, such as what they want to achieve and how they are going to use the process to achieve them.Documentation of the work to be performed through process modeling, in detail:Nature of the workTime, duration and frequency of performance of workLocation of performance of workThe workers primarily and secondarily involved in the work performanceMethodologies, tools and techniques usedSequence of activities within the work processIdentification and understanding of the environmental factors that have an impact on the process, as these are likely to influence the design (or redesign, as the case may be) of processes.Business process modeling is basically the activity of representing the processes of the organization in a structural form. It serves two main purposes: documentation and analysis. The business process model serves as a ready reference for members of the organization for any future projects or process evaluations. It is also a useful train ing aid in the case of new employees.Further, the process model will play a central role when management evaluates the performance of the departments or units, and when it is looking for opportunities for change. In the event that there are plans for business expansion and growth, the documentation will also be a great help.This can be in the form of a narrative description, a diagram or an illustration, as long as it provides an end-to-end perspective of all the processes of the organization â€" whether they are primary, support, or management processes.Perhaps the most identifiable form is a workflow chart or diagram, which maps out the logical flow of activities within the process in a unit or department of the organization. Some companies prefer the representation to be in the form of a map, since it offers more precision. In other cases, the preference is for a model, which are highly precise and highly detailed, and also require a lot of work.When it comes to process redesign, there are two approaches:Continuous Process Improvement: In this approach, there is an implied acceptance of the current processes. Therefore, the main focus is to identify the problems or issues that were previously unnoticed, and seek solutions for them. This approach looks for these solutions incrementally, taking one issue at a time.Business Process Re-engineering: Unlike the Continuous Process Improvement, Re-engineering takes a look at the entire process structure and aims to rework it entirely, with the aim of streamlining it or making it more effective and efficient. It is decidedly a more sweeping approach.Phase 4: Process ImplementationThe designed (or redesigned) process will be implemented. Implementation is performed either systemically or non-systemically.Systemic implementation entails the use of specific software and technologies in implementing the process design.Non-systemic implementation is when these technological BPM tools are not used.The choice between the t wo will largely depend on the nature of the business process and, in a small part, on the resources of the organization. After all, the use of technology is bound to cost the company.Phase 5: Process Monitoring and ControllingThe process, once implemented, requires tracking, measuring, and controlling, which is supposed to be done on a continuous basis. The purpose of these is to:Obtain necessary information to ascertain whether changes or adjustments must be made to the process design, or even to the resources and tools used in its implementation.Measure performance of the process to gauge whether it, indeed, leads to the achievement of organizational goals and objectives.Business process analytics are the main inputs in this phase, where historical analytics are used for process controlling purposes. Monitoring of the business activities are usually done through the use of dashboards and rule-based notifications, particularly in organizations that have their own IT infrastructure that they can use for the BPM initiatives.Phase 6: Process Refinement or ImprovementBPM allows organizations to maintain the high level of quality and performance of its business processes. Through monitoring and control of process performance, the organization will be able to innovate and improve its processes primarily through redesign and reengineering.Basically, the results of all that analysis and design (and redesign) work will be implemented to “fine-tune” the process. Remember that the company aims to optimize its processes through BPM, and that is mostly fulfilled in this phase.This phase targets the improvement or refinement of three aspects: performance of the processes, of process management, and of the organization as a whole.

10 Animal Sounds in Japanese Words

In different languages, there is little consensus about what sounds animals make. This holds true in  Japanese as well as other tongues. In English, for example, a cow says moo, but in French, its closer to meu or meuh. In Japanese, the bovine says moo moo. American dogs say woof, but in Italy, mans best friend makes a sound more like bau. In Japanese, they say wan wan. Below are the sounds various animals say in Japanese. Japanese Animal Sounds The table displays the name of the animal in the left column, with the transliteration of the animals name in bold and its depiction in Japanese letters below. The English name for the animal is listed in the second column. The third column lists the sound the animal makes in bold with the Japanese letters for the sound below that. The sound an animal makes in English is included below the Japanese spelling in the third column, allowing for easy comparison to the animal sound in Japanese. karasu㠁‹ã‚‰ã â„¢ crow kaa kaaã‚ «Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£â€š «Ã£Æ' ¼ niwatorié ¶  rooster kokekokkoã‚ ³Ã£â€š ±Ã£â€š ³Ã£Æ'Æ'ã‚ ³Ã£Æ' ¼(Cock-a-doodle-doo) nezumi㠁 ­Ã£ Å¡Ã£  ¿ mouse chuu chuuãÆ' Ã£Æ' ¥Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' Ã£Æ' ¥Ã£Æ' ¼ nekoçÅ' « cat nyaa nyaaãÆ'‹ãÆ' £Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'‹ãÆ' £Ã£Æ' ¼(meow) umaé ¦ ¬ horse hihiinãÆ'’ãÆ'’ãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ' ³ butaè ±Å¡ pig buu buuãÆ'â€"ãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ'â€"ãÆ' ¼(oink) hitsujiç ¾Å  sheep mee meeãÆ' ¡Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ' ¼(baa baa) ushi牛 cow moo mooãÆ' ¢Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' ¢Ã£Æ' ¼(moo) inuçŠ ¬ dog wan wanãÆ' ¯Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ' ¯Ã£Æ' ³(woof, bark) kaeruã‚ «Ã£â€š ¨Ã£Æ' « frog kero keroã‚ ±Ã£Æ' ­Ã£â€š ±Ã£Æ' ­(ribbit) These animal sounds are usually written in the katakana script, rather than kanji or hiragana. The Bowwow Theory The bowwow theory  posits that language began when human ancestors started imitating  the natural sounds around them. The first speech was onomatopoeic and included words such as moo, meow, splash, cuckoo, and bang. Of course, in English especially, very few words are onomatopoeic. And around the world, a dog might say au au in Portuguese, wang wang in Chinese, and as noted, wan wan in Japanese. Some researchers have suggested that the animals a culture is most closely aligned with will have more versions of the sounds they make in their respective languages. In American English, for example, a dog might say bowwow, woof, or ruff. Since dogs are beloved pets in the U.S., it makes sense that American-English speakers would want to have a menu of sound words for this pet. The Dog in Japan Dogs are also quite popular as pets in Japan, where they were domesticated during the Jomon period in 10,000 B.C. Though katakana script is most common, you can write the Japanese word for dog,  inu,  in either  hiragana  or  kanji — but since the kanji character for dog is quite simple, try learning how to write it in kanji. Phrases referring to dogs are as common in Japan as they are in the West. Inujini  means to die like dog, and to call someone a dog in Japenese is to accuse him of being a spy or dupe. The sentence  Inu mo  arukeba  bou  ni  ataru  (when the dog walks, it runs across a stick) is a common Japanese saying, meaning that when you walk outside, you could possibly meet with an unexpected fortune.

What is a Logical Fallacy

A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that renders an argument invalid. It is also called a  fallacy, an informal logical fallacy, and an informal fallacy. All logical fallacies are  nonsequiturs—arguments in which  a  conclusion  doesnt follow  logically from what preceded it.   Clinical psychologist Rian McMullin expands this definition: Logical fallacies are unsubstantiated assertions that are often delivered with a conviction that makes them sound as though they are proven facts. ...Whatever their origins, fallacies can take on a special life of their own  when they are popularized in the media and become part of a national credo (The New Handbook of Cognitive Therapy Techniques, 2000) Examples and Observations A logical fallacy is a false statement that weakens an argument by distorting an issue, drawing false conclusions, misusing evidence, or misusing language. (Dave Kemper et al., Fusion: Integrated Reading and Writing. Cengage, 2015) Reasons to Avoid Logical Fallacies There are three good reasons to avoid logical fallacies in your writing. First, logical fallacies are wrong and, simply put, dishonest if you use them knowingly. Second, they take away from the strength of your argument. Finally, the use of logical fallacies can make your readers feel that you do not consider them to be very intelligent. (William R. Smalzer, Write to Be Read: Reading, Reflection, and Writing, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2005) Whether examining or writing arguments, make sure you detect logical fallacies that weaken arguments. Use evidence to support claims and validate information—this will make you appear credible and create trust in the minds of your audience. (Karen A. Wink,  Rhetorical Strategies for Composition: Cracking an Academic Code.  Rowman Littlefield, 2016) Informal Fallacies Although some arguments are so blatantly fallacious that at most they can be used to amuse us, many are more subtle and can be difficult to recognize. A conclusion often appears to follow logically and nontrivially from true premises, and only careful examination can reveal the fallaciousness of the argument. Such deceptively fallacious arguments, which can be recognized as such with little or no reliance on the methods of formal logic, are known as informal fallacies. (R. Baum, Logic. Harcourt, 1996) Formal and Informal Fallacies There are two main categories of logical errors: formal fallacies and informal fallacies. The term formal refers to the structure of an argument and the branch of logic that is most concerned with structure—deductive reasoning. All formal fallacies are errors in deductive reasoning that render an argument invalid. The term informal refers to the non-structural aspects of arguments, usually emphasized in inductive reasoning. Most informal fallacies are errors of induction, but some of these fallacies can apply to deductive arguments as well. (Magedah Shabo, Rhetoric, Logic, and Argumentation: A Guide for Student Writers. Prestwick House, 2010) Example of Logical Fallacies You oppose a senators proposal to extend  government-funded health care to poor minority children because that senator is a liberal Democrat. This is a common logical fallacy known as ad hominem, which is Latin  for against the man. Instead of dealing with the argument you preempt any discussion by basically saying, I cannot listen to anyone who does not share my social and political values. You indeed may decide that you dont like the argument the senator is making, but it is your job to poke holes in the argument, not to engage in a personal attack. (Derek Soles,  The Essentials of Academic Writing, 2nd ed. Wadsworth, 2010)  Ã‚   Suppose that each November, a witch doctor  performs a voodoo dance designed to summon the gods of winter and that soon after the dance is performed, the weather, in fact, begins to turn cold. The witch doctors dance is associated with the arrival of winter, meaning that the two events appear to have happened in conjunction with one another.  But is this really evidence that the witch doctors dance actually caused the arrival of winter? Most of us would answer no, even though the two events seem to happen in conjunction with one another. Those who argue that a causal relationship exists  simply because of the presence of statistical association are committing a logical fallacy known as the post hoc propter ergo hoc fallacy. Sound economics warns against this potential source of error. (James D. Gwartney et al.,  Economics: Private and Public Choice, 15th ed.  Cengage, 2013) The arguments in support of civic education are often seductive.... Although we might emphasize different civic virtues, dont we all honor a love for our country [and] a respect for human rights and the rule of law.... Since no one is born with an innate understanding of these virtues, they must be learned, and schools are our most visible institutions for learning. But this argument suffers from a logical fallacy: Just because civic virtues must be learned, does not mean they can be easily taught—and still less that they can be taught in schools. Nearly every political scientist who studies how people acquire knowledge and ideas about good citizenship agrees that schools and, in particular, civics courses have no significant effect on civic attitudes and very little if any, effect on civic knowledge. (J. B. Murphy, The New York Times, September 15, 2002)

Manipulations of Memory Used by Orwell and Williams Free Essays

The steady development of â€Å"Big Brother† as the all-controlling entity in George Orwell’s 1984 is the premise for the role truth plays throughout the novel. Truth is functioned against society for the benefit of the government. Similarly, Tennessee Williams creates a uniquely different environment for his characters in The Glass Menagerie while maintaining the same function of truth as a source of distortion and control. We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulations of Memory Used by Orwell and Williams or any similar topic only for you Order Now Collectively, the themes of dehumanization in 1984 and distortion of memory in The Glass Menagerie relate to one another regarding the function of truth in each work to substantiate a sense of authority and deception. Oppression in 1984 as a direct instrument of dehumanization is made quite evident within the text. The inner-party uses several brainwashing and torture tactics to rid society of past memories and experiences. The effects these tactics have upon truth are substantial in their regard. The intent of â€Å"Big Brother† is to reduce human beings understanding to a more basic, easily manipulated and empty slate where the agendas of the inner-party can be executed with ease. We see the extent to which understanding of the past affects one’s attitude about the present when Winston states, â€Å"And when memory failed and written records were falsified—when that happened, the claim of the Party to have improved the conditions of human life had got to be accepted, because there did not exist, and never again could exist, any standard against which it could be tested† (Orwell 93). This quote is said following Winston’s frustrating conversation with the old man about life prior to the Revolution. Winston is coming to terms that the party has deliberately set out to weaken people’s memories in order to render them unable to challenge what the Party claims about the present. If no one remembers life before the Revolution, then no one can say that the Party has failed humanity by forcing people to live in conditions of scarcity, filth, ignorance, and famine. Rather, the party uses rewritten history books and falsified records to prove its good deeds. This proves the theory that truth is dependent of memory and without memory truth is subject to manipulation and in this case dehumanization. Orwell not only suggests this theory through the events observed in Winston but also through Winston’s own surrender to â€Å"Big Brother† and its definition of truth at the end of the novel. After the inner-party’s relentless attempt to purge Winston of any prohibited thoughts, they achieve their goal of dehumanizing him. The narrator brings closure to the novel as he describes Winston’s â€Å"new† character. â€Å"He gazed up at the enormous face. Forty years it had taken him to learn what kind of smile was hidden beneath the dark moustache. O cruel, needless misunderstanding! O stubborn, self-willed exile from the loving breast! Two gin-scented tears trickled down the sides of his nose. But it was all right, everything was all right, the struggle was finished. He had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother†, said the narrator (Orwell 297). Winston’s curiosity towards â€Å"Big Brother† was prevailing during the earlier parts of the novel. This curiosity soon transforms into animosity urging him to join a rebel group to overthrow â€Å"Big Brother†. Despite these negative feelings, the power of dehumanization works against what years of curiosity have said to Winston to be true. His memory of â€Å"Big Brother† as being counterproductive to society is no longer existent because his present situation says that â€Å"Big Brother† should be loved unconditionally. The fact that Winston’s conversion was successful should focus the reader on truth and memory and how they are comparable. The dehumanization of memory stands as a principle theme in 1984 and it is through this theme that Orwell functions truth to reveal the desire of deception. Tennessee Williams takes a corresponding approach to truth and its function in his play, The Glass Menagerie. The characters, Amanda, Tom, and Laura all face the similar dilemma of a falsified perception of reality. The mother, Amanda, is the most blatant character in denial. Her situation as a single mother raising two children has subliminally deceived what she sees as factual. In a conversation with Laura Amanda is quoted â€Å"Why you’re not crippled, you just have a little defect — hardly noticeable, even! When people have some slight disadvantage like that, they cultivate other things to make up for it — develop charm — and vivacity — and — charm† (Orwell 18)! Seemingly everyone is quite aware that Laura is crippled however, Amanda will not come to terms with this occurrence. She deals with this unfortunate fact by lying to herself that her daughter is not crippled thus proving there to be little veracity to any memories she has. Throughout the play Amanda is full of deceptions. Amanda changes her style of speech to a southern accent when Laura’s gentleman caller arrives. Amanda states â€Å"â€Å"light food an’ light clothes are what warm weather calls fo†Ã¢â‚¬  (Orwell 63). The reader is told that Amanda was born in the south. In spite of that, this is the first time she speaks with a southern accent. Amanda explains her newly discovered accent as her â€Å"rejuvenated† personality but the reader can assume this is her attempt to mislead the people around her to believe she is something that she is not further revealing her deceitful memory. Consequently, Tom and Laura are trapped by this illusion Amanda creates. Laura is highly dependent upon her mother therefore she is influenced by Amanda’s views. Tom carries the burden of providing for his family and cannot leave from this world of lies and untruths. Amanda’s present state has distorted her memory and essentially distorted her sense of self and reality. Her ability to do this has given her control of what she can feel and therefore how she can live her life despite not being able to escape from the poverty stricken life. Despite having contrasting influences behind their respected themes, 1984 and The Glass Menagerie share a common purpose to gain control over reality through the manipulation of truth. In 1984 Winston observed and experienced the tactics that â€Å"Big Brother† used to give the public a misleading view of truth. Through dehumanization, â€Å"Big Brother† achieved full authority over its citizens by erasing all memories of life before the revolution. With no memories to go by society was at the mercy of â€Å"Big Brother† and what the inner-party considered acceptable. People could not judge right from wrong because â€Å"Big Brother† was all they ever knew. The Glass Menagerie is comparable is the sense that Amanda needed to gain control over her life which seemed to be spinning into the ground. She was helpless and this feeling led her to shape her own reality in order to regain this sense of control. People are typically fearful of things they cannot conquer. Amanda could not achieve freedom from her environment therefore she created her own path through a deceptive memory. Her children were trapped in this life of lies just as Winston was in 1984. In both works we see a desire of power to control their respected situations. 1984 sought for the control of society whereas The Glass Menagerie sought for the control of the Wingfield future. The power of memory is existential to the human ability of perceiving the present. George Orwell’s 1984 and Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie manipulate memory in such a similar fashion that their functions of truth are nearly identical concerning their purpose. In 1984 truth is functioned against society for the sake of â€Å"Big Brother† and the inner-parties agenda through dehumanization. Similarly, Orwell uses Amanda’s character in The Glass Menagerie to demonstrate the importance of memory and how one’s own deception of truth can distort their reality dramatically. Both pieces of work complement one another and solidify the case that memory or a deceitful memory for that matter is vulnerable to exploitation and the effects can be substantial in regard to one’s sense of actuality. How to cite Manipulations of Memory Used by Orwell and Williams, Essay examples

The Effect of Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction and Switching Costs On Customer Loyalty An Empirical Study Of Hypermarkets In Taiwan

Summary This is a summary of the article â€Å"The Effect of Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction, and Switching Costs on Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Study of Hypermarkets in Taiwan, by the authors Tsai, Ming-Tien;  Tsai, Chung-Lin;  Chang, and Han-Chao†. The study was conducted in Taiwan focusing on hypermarkets in retail industry sector, due to their increasing importance in the country. This paper is going to address these three aspects and their interrelationships.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Effect of Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction and Switching Costs On Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Study Of Hypermarkets In Taiwan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The retail industry in Taiwan is very competitive and as a result, the hypermarkets offer low prices to their products than the micro- retailers and convenience stores in order to attract more customers. Even though, the hype rmarkets are incurring losses due to saturation of markets, thus a lot of effort is directed towards cutting on costs, retaining consumers, and widening profit margins. Tsai, Tsai, and Chang are of the opinion that satisfaction on a customer is key to success of any business. A consumer is always reflecting on goods and services that maximize on value (Tsai, Tsai and Chang 730). According to Tsai, Tsai and Chang, a customer’s satisfaction is more likely to be increased if the value of goods and services satisfy his/her expectations, thus leading to increased consumption. Thus, an entrepreneur should look out at customer’s value from a customer’s perspective to lessen the disparity between these two perceptions. Consumer satisfaction is a dissimilar function between discernment and expectation, and it is instinctively affirmative or negative feeling. In order to develop suitable responses, studies and researches should focus efforts on accurate measurement of the level of consumer satisfaction (Tsai, Tsai and Chang 731). Customer loyalty on the other hand refers to the likelihood of his/her continued future consumption, service contracts, less possibility of changing a brand and affirmative recommendation to the public. Two types of consumer loyalty are identified namely; long- term consumer loyalty, which is considered a genuine loyalty and short- term loyalty, which describes the likelihood of a consumer to change business operators. This describes the level of competitiveness in a liberal market economy. The fact that a loyal customer is likely to bring more customers to a business makes entrepreneurs consider loyalty a major boost. Customer loyalty could be measured in terms of recurrent intention to purchase and tolerance in price variations (Tsai, Tsai and Chang 732).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Switching cost the ory generally is described as sacrifices or consequence penalties consumers sense they may sustain by changing entrepreneurs. It is considered as the substantial cost sustained as a result of switching service provider. Three main variable varieties describe switching cost theory. They include: 1) Switching costs that are inclined to time (2) switching costs that are financial in nature and related to profit; and (3) switching costs that define an emotional relationship. Both a consumer and an entrepreneur are vital subjects in determining switching cost. Higher costs of consumer switching are have a probability of highlighting the relationship between satisfaction of a consumer and loyalty of the consumer. This connection characterizes an investment of vital aspects by a consumer linked to resources, efforts, and time involved and presents a hindrance to a dissatisfied customer who wishes to switch suppliers (Tsai, Tsai and Chang 733). This study sought to establish whether an affi rmative view of the value of a consumer value would have a positive impact on satisfaction of a customer, and whether switching costs as the moderating variable would have an impact on the value of consumer relating it to the his/her loyalty(Tsai, Tsai and Chang 734). The inter-relating effects between variables (consumer satisfaction, customer values, customer loyalty and switching costs) were investigated using regression analysis to authenticate the assumptions based on cause and effect correlation(Tsai, Tsai and Chang 736). The results obtained established that the value of a customer has a considerable affirmative impact on the loyalty of a customer. Conspicuously, service value was noted to have a greater impact on customer loyalty. Tsai, Tsai, and Chang are of the opinion that a consumer will continually approximate the optimum value of goods or services. Increasing the performance and the quality of services will not only satisfy the demand of a customer but will also appeas e the consumers and encourage a habitual intention to purchase and continued anticipated consumption.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Effect of Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction and Switching Costs On Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Study Of Hypermarkets In Taiwan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, the study established that opportune and appropriate services, quality, and value of products provided by entrepreneurs enhance satisfaction of a customer and encourage short- term customers into long-term associations. The study also ascertained that satisfaction of a customer has considerable positive impact on the loyalty of a customer (Tsai, Tsai and Chang 737). Critical Analysis Tsai, Ming-Tien, Tsai, Chung-Lin, Chang, Han-Chao. â€Å"The Effect Of Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction, And Switching Costs On Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Study Of Hypermarkets In Taiwan.† Social Behavior And Personality, 2010, 38(6): 729-740. Ming-Tien Tsai is a PhD, Professor, Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. Chung-Lin Tsai on the other hand is a PhD Candidate, Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University and staff member, Department of Finance while Han-Chao Chan is PhD, Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan. In their paper, Tsai et. al. review the aspects of customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and how they interact with each other for the better of the company. The market under study is the Taiwan market. They note that the Taiwanese retail market has become very competitive and the hypermarkets therefore have resorted to employing different strategies for the purposes of customer attraction and retention (p. 730). The hypotheses of relationships between customer value and loyalty, customer satisfaction and loyalty, custom er value and satisfaction and switching costs and Customer satisfaction and loyalty was used in evaluating the Taiwanese market (p. 732-734). In their analysis of these parameters of the Taiwanese market, they use regression analysis to assess the impact of customer satisfaction. Loyalty and value, and they conclude that since the competition in the market is increasing and the other methods of tackling it are proving costly. Due to the increased competition in the market and with customers looking for the best whenever they go shopping, the supplier with additional services to the existing low prices will be most preferred. For this reason, the hypermarkets have to look for ways that would be appealing to the customers and consumers, so that they may return more often. The only way would be by establishing customer loyalty where the hypermarkets would be guaranteed of a market for their products. They also note that switching costs play a significant role in the determination of cu stomer base and purchasing power (p. 738).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An analysis of the market will be a very good move for the hypermarkets that may want to establish good relationships with the customer. Competition will lead to the prices going down and thus different strategies have to be developed to ensure competitive market advantage. One of the ways in which they could carry this out is by countering their competition in terms of prices and after-sales services. The additional services that they provide will attract the customers and this will definitely spread to a large population of the consumers via word of mouth. In this case, it is very evident that customers are not only interested in the prices of the goods and services that they pay for, but also in the type and quality that they receive. Their satisfaction with what they receive will determine their loyalty, and if they do not get value for their, they are bound to move to a different place in search of better offers! Therefore, the hypermarkets ought to maintain customer satisfacti on gauges in order to correct the areas that are a letdown to them. Hence, these companies have to set up quality assessment modules that will enable them to gauge their rating as a company and where they stand in terms of market-competition and customer loyalty. Work Cited Tsai, Ming-Tien, Tsai, Chung-Lin and Chang, Han-Chao. â€Å"The effect of customer value, customer satisfaction and switching costs on customer loyalty: an empirical study of hypermarkets in Taiwan.† Social Behavior and Personality,  38.1(2010):729-738. This research paper on The Effect of Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction and Switching Costs On Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Study Of Hypermarkets In Taiwan was written and submitted by user Kathleen Rojas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Hexapods Are a Diverse Group of Six-Legged Arthropods

Hexapods Are a Diverse Group of Six-Legged Arthropods Hexapods are a group of arthropods that include more than one million described, species, most of which are insects, but a handful of which belong to the lesser-known group Entognatha. In terms of the sheer number of species, no other family of animals comes close to the hexapods; these six-legged arthropods are, in fact, over twice as diverse as all other vertebrate and invertebrate animals combined. Most hexapods are terrestrial animals, but there are some exceptions to this rule. Some species live in aquatic freshwater habitats such as lakes, wetlands, and rivers, while others inhabit coastal marine waters. Hexapods Avoid Sub-Tidal Marine Areas The only habitats that hexapods avoid are sub-tidal marine areas, such as oceans and shallow seas. The success of hexapods in colonizing land can be attributed to their body plan (especially the strong cuticles covering their bodies that provide protection from predators, infection and water loss), as well as their flying skills. Another successful attribute of hexapods is their  holometabolous development, a mouthful of a term which means that juvenile and adult hexapods of the same species are very different in their ecological requirements, immature hexapods using different resources (including food sources and habitat features) than the adults of the same species. Hexapods Are Vital But Also Pose Many Threats Hexapods are vital to the communities in which they live; for example, early two-thirds of all flowering plant species rely on hexapods for pollination. Yet hexapods also pose many threats. These small arthropods can inflict vast crop damage and are known to spread numerous debilitating and fatal diseases in humans and other animals. The body of a hexapod is made up of three sections, a head, a thorax, and an abdomen. The head has a pair of compound  eyes, a pair of antennae, and numerous mouthparts (such as mandibles, labrum, maxilla, and labium). The Three Segments of Thorax The thorax consists of three segments, the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax. Each segment of the thorax has a pair of legs, making for six legs in all (the forelegs, the middle legs, and the hind legs). Most adult insects also possess two pairs of wings; the forewings are located on the mesothorax and the hind-wings are attached to the metathorax. Wingless Hexapods Although most adult hexapods have wings, some species are wingless throughout their life cycles or lose their wings after a certain period before adulthood. For example, parasitic insect orders such as lice and fleas no longer have wings (although their ancestors of millions of years ago did have wings). Other groups, such as the Entognatha and Zygentoma, are more primitive than classic insects; not even the ancestors of these animals had wings. Many hexapods have evolved alongside plants in a process known as coevolution. Pollination is one example of a coevolutionary adaptation between plants and pollinators in which both parties benefit. Classification Hexapods are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates Arthropods Hexapods Hexapods are divided into the following basic groups: Insects (Insecta) - There are more than one million species of insects that have been identified, and scientists estimate that there may be many millions more species yet to be named. Insects have three pairs of legs, two pairs of wings and compound eyes.Springtails and their relatives (Entognatha) - The mouthparts of springtails, such as the two-pronged bristletails and the proturans (or coneheads), can be retracted within their heads. All entognaths lack wings. Edited on February 10, 2017, by Bob Strauss

Hexapods Are a Diverse Group of Six-Legged Arthropods

Hexapods Are a Diverse Group of Six-Legged Arthropods Hexapods are a group of arthropods that include more than one million described, species, most of which are insects, but a handful of which belong to the lesser-known group Entognatha. In terms of the sheer number of species, no other family of animals comes close to the hexapods; these six-legged arthropods are, in fact, over twice as diverse as all other vertebrate and invertebrate animals combined. Most hexapods are terrestrial animals, but there are some exceptions to this rule. Some species live in aquatic freshwater habitats such as lakes, wetlands, and rivers, while others inhabit coastal marine waters. Hexapods Avoid Sub-Tidal Marine Areas The only habitats that hexapods avoid are sub-tidal marine areas, such as oceans and shallow seas. The success of hexapods in colonizing land can be attributed to their body plan (especially the strong cuticles covering their bodies that provide protection from predators, infection and water loss), as well as their flying skills. Another successful attribute of hexapods is their  holometabolous development, a mouthful of a term which means that juvenile and adult hexapods of the same species are very different in their ecological requirements, immature hexapods using different resources (including food sources and habitat features) than the adults of the same species. Hexapods Are Vital But Also Pose Many Threats Hexapods are vital to the communities in which they live; for example, early two-thirds of all flowering plant species rely on hexapods for pollination. Yet hexapods also pose many threats. These small arthropods can inflict vast crop damage and are known to spread numerous debilitating and fatal diseases in humans and other animals. The body of a hexapod is made up of three sections, a head, a thorax, and an abdomen. The head has a pair of compound  eyes, a pair of antennae, and numerous mouthparts (such as mandibles, labrum, maxilla, and labium). The Three Segments of Thorax The thorax consists of three segments, the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax. Each segment of the thorax has a pair of legs, making for six legs in all (the forelegs, the middle legs, and the hind legs). Most adult insects also possess two pairs of wings; the forewings are located on the mesothorax and the hind-wings are attached to the metathorax. Wingless Hexapods Although most adult hexapods have wings, some species are wingless throughout their life cycles or lose their wings after a certain period before adulthood. For example, parasitic insect orders such as lice and fleas no longer have wings (although their ancestors of millions of years ago did have wings). Other groups, such as the Entognatha and Zygentoma, are more primitive than classic insects; not even the ancestors of these animals had wings. Many hexapods have evolved alongside plants in a process known as coevolution. Pollination is one example of a coevolutionary adaptation between plants and pollinators in which both parties benefit. Classification Hexapods are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates Arthropods Hexapods Hexapods are divided into the following basic groups: Insects (Insecta) - There are more than one million species of insects that have been identified, and scientists estimate that there may be many millions more species yet to be named. Insects have three pairs of legs, two pairs of wings and compound eyes.Springtails and their relatives (Entognatha) - The mouthparts of springtails, such as the two-pronged bristletails and the proturans (or coneheads), can be retracted within their heads. All entognaths lack wings. Edited on February 10, 2017, by Bob Strauss

Hexapods Are a Diverse Group of Six-Legged Arthropods

Hexapods Are a Diverse Group of Six-Legged Arthropods Hexapods are a group of arthropods that include more than one million described, species, most of which are insects, but a handful of which belong to the lesser-known group Entognatha. In terms of the sheer number of species, no other family of animals comes close to the hexapods; these six-legged arthropods are, in fact, over twice as diverse as all other vertebrate and invertebrate animals combined. Most hexapods are terrestrial animals, but there are some exceptions to this rule. Some species live in aquatic freshwater habitats such as lakes, wetlands, and rivers, while others inhabit coastal marine waters. Hexapods Avoid Sub-Tidal Marine Areas The only habitats that hexapods avoid are sub-tidal marine areas, such as oceans and shallow seas. The success of hexapods in colonizing land can be attributed to their body plan (especially the strong cuticles covering their bodies that provide protection from predators, infection and water loss), as well as their flying skills. Another successful attribute of hexapods is their  holometabolous development, a mouthful of a term which means that juvenile and adult hexapods of the same species are very different in their ecological requirements, immature hexapods using different resources (including food sources and habitat features) than the adults of the same species. Hexapods Are Vital But Also Pose Many Threats Hexapods are vital to the communities in which they live; for example, early two-thirds of all flowering plant species rely on hexapods for pollination. Yet hexapods also pose many threats. These small arthropods can inflict vast crop damage and are known to spread numerous debilitating and fatal diseases in humans and other animals. The body of a hexapod is made up of three sections, a head, a thorax, and an abdomen. The head has a pair of compound  eyes, a pair of antennae, and numerous mouthparts (such as mandibles, labrum, maxilla, and labium). The Three Segments of Thorax The thorax consists of three segments, the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax. Each segment of the thorax has a pair of legs, making for six legs in all (the forelegs, the middle legs, and the hind legs). Most adult insects also possess two pairs of wings; the forewings are located on the mesothorax and the hind-wings are attached to the metathorax. Wingless Hexapods Although most adult hexapods have wings, some species are wingless throughout their life cycles or lose their wings after a certain period before adulthood. For example, parasitic insect orders such as lice and fleas no longer have wings (although their ancestors of millions of years ago did have wings). Other groups, such as the Entognatha and Zygentoma, are more primitive than classic insects; not even the ancestors of these animals had wings. Many hexapods have evolved alongside plants in a process known as coevolution. Pollination is one example of a coevolutionary adaptation between plants and pollinators in which both parties benefit. Classification Hexapods are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates Arthropods Hexapods Hexapods are divided into the following basic groups: Insects (Insecta) - There are more than one million species of insects that have been identified, and scientists estimate that there may be many millions more species yet to be named. Insects have three pairs of legs, two pairs of wings and compound eyes.Springtails and their relatives (Entognatha) - The mouthparts of springtails, such as the two-pronged bristletails and the proturans (or coneheads), can be retracted within their heads. All entognaths lack wings. Edited on February 10, 2017, by Bob Strauss

Name Change for ISIS

Name Change for ISIS Name Change for ISIS Name Change for ISIS By Maeve Maddox English speakers have yet to agree on a word, phrase or acronym to label the terrorist group making news for such atrocities as beheading noncombatants and butchering unarmed prisoners. A few years ago, American journalists started referring to the group that was calling itself â€Å"Al-Dawla Al-Islamiya fi al-Iraq wa al-Sham† as ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), but this acronym has proved to be a poor choice; it suggests that the group’s focus is limited to Iraq and Syria. The term al-Sham does not stand for Syria. The English translation of al-Sham is â€Å"the Levant.† Levant came into English from French in the 15th century with the meaning â€Å"East,† (from French lever, â€Å"to rise.†) The region referred to was in the East. The sun rises in the east, ergo, levant (rising), present participle of lever. The Levant is â€Å"the eastern part of the Mediterranean, with its islands and the countries adjoining.† According to one interpretation, the Levant is made up of Cyprus, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and part of southern Turkey. Others claim that the Levant refers only to Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine. The Associated Press has rejected the continued use of ISIS, preferring ISIL (L for Levant) as a more accurate interpretation of al-Sham. John Daniszewski, AP vice president and senior managing editor for international news, says, â€Å"We believe this is the most accurate translation of the group’s name and reflects its aspirations to rule over a broad swath of the Middle East.† Since June 2014, when the terrorist group named a â€Å"caliph† and dropped both Iraq and Levant from its name, ISIL has become less than accurate as a reflection of the group’s aspirations. Referring to themselves as â€Å"the Islamic State† reflects their self-image as a reincarnation of the medieval caliphate founded in the 7th century. The Umayyad caliphate (661-750) conquered lands from Arabia to Spain; their advance into Western Europe in 732 was turned back by Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours. The words caliph and caliphate derive from Arabic khilafa, â€Å"succession.† A caliph is seen as the successor of Muhammad. A caliphate is a sovereign state ruled by a caliph under Islamic law (sharia). The office of caliph combines the functions of king and priest. British journalists seem to have decided on the initials IS as a short way of referring to the group without limiting its perceived goals to any particular region of the world. They use the term â€Å"Islamic State† for the first reference in an article and the capitalized initials IS in subsequent references. It seems to me that either ISIL or IS is preferable to ISIS. As a student of mythology and comparative religion, I cringe every time I hear the murderous terrorists referred to by an acronym that sounds like the name of the benign mother goddess Isis. And I sympathize with women like Isis Martinez of Miami who sees people â€Å"recoil in disgust† when she introduces herself these days. Postscript: I just heard an American reporter on NPR refer to the group as IS. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. Had20 Words Meaning "Being or Existing in the Past"Sentence Adverbs

Developing Successful Business Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Developing Successful Business Teams - Essay Example Therefore, the organisations in the present business world often emphasise and promote adequate cooperation among the team members to efficiently attain their desired goals and objectives as per the planning. Moreover, the firms also seek to promote credibility of the workforce and emphasise on adequate and effective communication processes among the members in order to obtain greater control and productivity of the organisation (Mickan & Rodger, 2000). Emphasising upon the emerging competition and striving performance of the marketers, the major objective of this report is to demonstrate and understand the primary features of a successful business team. Thus, the discussion of this report will be focused on highlighting and analysing the major traits along with explaining the major phases to improve the performance of a success business team. Additionally, the paper will also focus on assessing the monitoring processes which can enable the organisation to attain greater efficiency of a successful team. 2. The Features of Successful Business Team Defining the major characteristics of a successful business team always constitutes a broad consensus which represents a large number of attributes to enhance the level of efficiency within the workforce or staff members. A successful business team comprises a large number of attributes which accumulatively facilitates the organisation to proactively perform its each operation with clarity and efficiency. Understanding the ultimate goals of the team and the organisation on the whole is one of the fundamental characteristics of an effective and successful team. In this regard, the team members should be highly aware to prioritise the ultimate aim of the team which can generate adequate capability to achieve the stipulated goals as planned for the benefits of the organisation.... Additionally, the paper will also focus on assessing the monitoring processes which can enable the organisation to attain greater efficiency of a successful team. 2. The Features of Successful Business Team Defining the major characteristics of a successful business team always constitutes a broad consensus which represents a large number of attributes to enhance the level of efficiency within the workforce or staff members. A successful business team comprises a large number of attributes which accumulatively facilitates the organisation to proactively perform its each operation with clarity and efficiency. 2.1 Characteristics of a Successful Business Team a. Understanding the Team Goals Understanding the ultimate goals of the team and the organisation on the whole is one of the fundamental characteristics of an effective and successful team. In this regard, the team members should be highly aware to prioritise the ultimate aim of the team which can generate adequate capability to a chieve the stipulated goals as planned for the benefits of the organisation. b. Commitment Commitment towards complying with a common philosophy through sharing value to each member of the team can also efficiently attain the ultimate desires of the organisation. Moreover, it can also empower the members to increase their productivity substantially. c. Recognising Roles and Responsibilities It is also important for the members of a successful team to clearly identify their respective roles and responsibilities within the organisation. This particular factor tends to enhance the overall capability of the organisation in terms of accomplishing each task within the specified time in an adequate

Forensic Accounting Investigation Research Paper

Forensic Accounting Investigation - Research Paper Example 1). 1.2 Why is this issue? The purpose of using business intelligence in the organization is to identify and collect business data and to make better decision on various aspects of business including proper accounting practices. Business intelligence system will also help the business to make effective business decisions and the resultant financial gains besides facilitating business growth. Accurate information is nessaccery for taking efficient decision in the business. Business intelligence system would also help the business to get accurate and reliable data in the organization. â€Å"Business Intelligence Solutions (BIS) lead to better business decision making through providing access to enterprise data for easy analysis against Key Performance Indicators† (Business Intel n.d., para. 2). Many organizations have become subjects of fraudent practices due to the lack of proper forensic accounting systems focusing on business intelligence. The research will help highlight thi s issue and evolve ways and means to counter the same. 1.3 What could this research shed light on? There have been a number of researches conducted on this topic. However there is still scope for conducting further research because it will identify the significance of business intelligence in order to take efficient decisions in the business. More over, with the passage of time and the advancement in technology, various aspects of business and accounting keep transforming. Therefore, fresh research will help in addressing the changes that occur due to the evolution. Prompt and accurate decisions are essential for meeting the competition efficiently and effectively. This research will high light the importance of business intelligence system in the organization and how it will help in locating frauds and misappropriations for safeguarding the interests of the shareholders involved. â€Å"Business intelligence helps to improve customer service by identifying the frequent problems wit h each product and identifying potential solutions† (Sabherwal & Fernandez 2009, p. 17). 1.4 Research Aims and Objectives: Depending on the purpose of this research the main aim will be: To identify areas where business intelligence can be deployed to co ordinate accounting activities effectively and efficiently. To take prompt and accurate decisions in the business. To make a co ordination among various departments in the organization. 1.5 Research questions’ (1) How to make effective decisions? (2) How can delegate information among various department in organization? 1.6 Literature Review: For the purpose of this literature review, the analysis of the literature will begin by investigating from books, journals and scholarly articles. â€Å"The literature broadly refers to information relevant to your topic of interest† (Literature Review: Academic Tip Sheet 2008, p. 2). Business intelligen

T.K.Maxx Strategic Analysis

T.K.Maxx Strategic Analysis T.K Maxx is one of the famous European off- price retailer with more stores, more variety of products and quality brands. T.K Maxx is part of the TJX companies which is known as the off-price retail chain in the United States. Retail concept of United States came to the United Kingdom in 1994 because the first T.K Maxx was opened in Bristol in 1994. As of June 2009, T.K Maxx had 247 stores across Europe, 212 stores in the United kingdom, 13 in Ireland, 18 in Germany and 4 in Poland (Source: Official website T.K. Maxx).T.K Maxx is the 10th largest fashion retailer in the UK (Source: TNS Fashion Tracker). T.K. Maxx is the UKS fourth favorite retailer, the third favorite clothing retailer and the UKs shoe retailer for 2009 (Source: Verdit Retail Group). III. Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats 3.1 Strengths Affordable price and quality product is the demand of the more customers and T.K Maxx has the positive impact of customers. T.K Maxx encompasses a wide range of sectors and people may have little options but to buy new clothes and other accessories they choose for T.K Maxx. The falling cost of goods over the past decade has encouraged consumers, to buy goods more often than in the past. The UK retail marketing benefits from a strong tradition in fashion and design. T.K Maxx also affected from this. 3.2 Weakness Sales are seasonal, Most of the expensive items like coats, party wear and different gifts are required mainly in Christmas time. Many large retail companies wear established and it is difficult for competition and to established new T.K Maxx stores. The recession has also sparked price war that is further eroding profit margins. 3.3 Opportunities T.K Maxx chain that offer relatively cheap items should do well during the recession. UK residents continue to spend less on clothes than Europeans because there is a potential for continued growth in the overall market. Mainly men spend less on clothing than women, and there is scope to encourage men to take a greater interest in fashion. T.K Maxx provides the quality product in discount price which becomes the opportunity to those people who have low income. Thus, it is easy to make customers change their buying behavior by special characteristics of the products. A product with special features demonstrated in appropriate places can draw customers attention and result in their buying decision. 3.4 Threats The growth of the retail market shows little symbol of slowing in business because of more competition. Then the choices of the customers may decrease. The decrease in the value of the pound could cause the cost of retail market of T.K Maxx also because the imported clothes and other accessories will rise, which could result in lower sales volumes. A prolonged and deep recession may cause shopping habits to change in the long term, with a new emphasis on saving. Consumers may reduce to spend more money on clothing and other areas of consumption. The growth of the cheap production and the higher competition could affect the overall business. IV. PESTLE Analysis The external factors have a great impact in the sector of business. The external factors which affect the business are dealt under PESTLE analysis. PESTLE stands for political, economical, social, technological, legal and environmental factors. 1. Political factors: Politics is the art and science of government. The policy of government directly affect to the company. Similarly, T.K Maxx is affected by the tax policies, trade restrictions, political stability, tariffs restriction etc. 2. Economic factors: The global recession and economic downturn has reduced the sales of retail products and other home accessories. At present most of the people are jobless. The unemployment rate for October to December 2009 was 7.8 per cent, unchanged on the quarter. The number of unemployed people fell by 3,000 over the quarter to reach 2.46 million. The number of people unemployed for more than 12 months increased by 37,000 over the quarter to reach 663,000, the highest figure since the three months to September 1997. The number of people claiming Jobseekers Allowance (the claimant count) increased by 23,500 between December 2009 and January 2010 to reach 1.64 million, the highest figure since April 1997. This monthly increase in the claimant count was preceded by two consecutive monthly falls. (Source: Office for National Statistics ) Increasing in unemployment affect to the business. This is also affecting the T.K Maxx Company. T.K Maxx have branded themselves as selling to everyone and therefore offer a range of products and services from Value to Finest prices thus appealing to all segments of the market. 3. Social factors: Society and culture is an important factor that must be given emphasis by any business. Now a days most of the people are becoming sophisticated and crazy in fashionable clothes and shoes. T.K Maxx provide these fashionable clothes and shoes in afford able price. Also customers have positive effect towards the quality product of the T.K Maxx Company. 4. Technological factors: Technology offer companies a new way to communicate with consumers. Technology can reduce costs and improve quality of product, online shopping, online gift card competition ,T.K Maxx fan from face book , CCTV recording for security etc. are the example of technology which are used in T.K Maxx. Customers can select and order for goods from the nearest T.K Maxx store according to their choice using technological instrument. 5. Environmental factors: To keep the neat and clean environment inside every T.K Maxx stores, cleaners are provided by the Initial Company of UK. Initial company provides training to the cleaners to make tidy as well as to recycle the waste. 6. Legal factors: Age restriction, increasing in the minimum wage, variety of employment law for employee (student 20/10 hours, full time workers 40 hours) are example of recent laws which affect to the company. Change in trade policy, health and safety, product safety are the legal factors. V. T.K Maxx Strategic Marketing To develop a new business strategy T.K. Maxx developed a promotional campaign that emphasized big labels small prices and love T.K. Maxx. To connect customers within the business it provides 60% discount in different items. Also to attract customers T.K Maxx produces products according to the choice and interest of the customers. T.K Maxx is trying to increase number of stores near about 275 in the United Kingdom and Ireland also approximately 300 stores in Germany. While we consider in to the strategic marketing process, T.K Maxx aims at building customer satisfaction .Also for successful market it gives more focus on building brand. T.K Maxx makes sure that all staffs are motivated and all pulling in the same direction to fulfill the objectives of the company. It has a unique business approach .Customers are empowered to buy all sorts of brands and labels, various qualities like big and small, a range of colors ,styles and sizes. The most important part is that customers can get e xceptional value. As a sales promotion technique T.K Maxx organized some monthly promotions. To enter in the promotion customers aged over 18 need to sign up in the online .Every month one person will get the top prize i.e. TK Maxx gift card of  £250 to spend in TK Maxx UK. 1. Sport Relief [emailprotected] competition 2. Sport relief face book competition 3. Sport relief online T-shirt competition The major competitors of TK Maxx are Tesco PLC, Primark stores limited and George clothing. The development of an effective marketing strategy depends upon an understanding of the working of the market place, of customers needs as well as appropriate mix for the market segment and prevailing environmental conditions. Also understanding of the needs, wants and behavior of customers are the most important factors in designing a marketing strategy. T.K Maxx is always trying to fulfill these factors for the development of effective marketing strategy. Advertisement is also one of the effective communication tools for marketing consumer products in T.K Maxx. Television, newspapers and internet are the medium of advertisement of T.K Maxx. Similarly, T.K Maxx fan which is provided in the face book of T.K Maxx is also the attraction of the customers towards this company. For the promotion of the company T.K Maxx has participated in some charity works which are given below: In the UK in 2007, T.K. Maxx was an active participant of Comic Relief, having been the sole retailer of the Red Nose Day t-shirts which generated  £2 million to the Comic Relief cause. In 2009, T.K. Maxx was again the sole retailer of the Red Nose Day t-shirts with exclusive designs by Stella McCartney, raising a total of  £3,200,589. T.K. Maxx also works with the Woodland Trust by starting to charge for plastic carrier bags in August 2008 and donating the proceeds to the Trust. The proceeds have allowed the Woodland Trust to plant 30,000 new trees on a 15acres (60,703m2) site near Elmstead Market, Essex. The usage of carrier bags from T.K. Maxx has reduced by 73% since the scheme was launched. Since 2004, T.K. Maxx has held a Christmas card recycling scheme in conjunction with the Trust. (Source: www.tkmaxx.co.uk) 5.1 Problems 1. Staff availability: It is nearly difficult to get assistance, especially on a Saturday or during a sale. It is a discount designer retailer store which does not offer the same level of service as a Ralph Lauren outlet. 2. Security: The computer systems of T.K Maxx were targeted by hackers in Watford and Massachusetts from which about 45.7 million accounts were stolen. Those customers who used their card between January 2003 and June 2004 were affected from this problem. 3. Stains and holes: some retail items in the T.K Maxx appear worn. So customers should do full check before paying for the item. Returning it with marks could prove tricky. VI. Conclusion From the analysis of the study it can be concluded that T.K Maxx has the positive impact of the customers because it uses a concept called off price to sell designer and high street goods at a discount up to 60 percent on recommended retail price. This will help to T.K Maxx to sell huge amount of its product in a short time and to provide new, fresh and fashion able products to the customers. Since the company is offering clothing designs for all age groups which depend on the needs and demand of their customers. The result of the PESTLE analysis carried out on the macro-environment of T.K Maxx company indicated very significant effect for the industry and company itself, it can be concluded that the business of T.K Maxx Company is expected to be feasible and grow faster. The sector of the retail is one of the most competitive in the business world so that effective marketing strategy is required in order to be successful. Availability of the quality products, good customer service and promotion of the T.K Maxx shows the effective marketing strategy of the company. This will provide a better idea of how to market products and improve customers base. VII. Recommendation From the above analysis and conclusion I would like to suggest some recommendations for the improvement of the T.K Maxx Company. 1. Full check of clothes and goods should be performed before sending the items to the T.K Maxx stores to sell because they may be damaged or worn. 2. T.K Maxx stores are situated in the European countries and United States only. To expand in its business and to provide good customers service it is recommended that the stores of T.K Maxx should open in developing countries also. To reduce the waiting time of customers in queue to pay for items T.K Maxx should increase more staffs. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cartwright, R. (2002) Mastering Marketing Management, Palgrave Frain, J. (1999) Introduction to Marketing 4th edition, London: Thomson Business Press http://www.tkmaxx.com 14 Feb 2010 at 00:35 http://www.tjx.com 17 Feb 2010 at 15:37 About T.K Maxx. T.K Maxx Retrieved 26 Feb 2010 20:26